Validity & Reliability

Backed by over 10 years of scientific research and validated against gold-standard biomechanics lab data.

view our research database

The Output R&D Process

At Output we are an interdisciplinary team of practitioners, sports-scientists, UX experts and engineers driven to use our unique development process to produce easy-to-use, diversely capable, valid and reliable athlete assessment tools. Our work stems from 2 PhDs and research in Europe’s largest academic data-analytics research centre, the Insight Centre for Data Analytics, which commenced in 2013.

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Validity & Reliability

The body of evidence supporting our system’s validity and reliability is ever-growing. Below we provide a link to our up to date Notion database containing all the latest research on our technology.

Click here to visit our research database - regularly updated and maintained in Notion >>

Further Academic Literature

Evaluating performance of the single leg squat exercise with a single inertial measurement unit

Evaluating squat performance with a single inertial measurement unit

Technology in rehabilitation: evaluating the single leg squat exercise with wearable inertial measurement units

Evaluating Performance of the Lunge Exercise with Multiple and Individual Inertial Measurement Units

Classification of Lunge Biomechanics with Multiple and Individual Inertial Measurement Units

Technology in S&C: Tracking Lower Limb Exercises with Wearable Sensors

Objective Classification of Dynamic Balance Using a Single Wearable Sensor

Classification of Deadlift Biomechanics with Wearable Inertial Measurement Units

Binary Classification of Running Fatigue using a Single Inertial Measurement Unit

Feature-Free Activity Classification of Inertial Sensor Data With Machine Vision Techniques: Method, Development, and Evaluation

Mobile App to Streamline the Development of Wearable Sensor-Based Exercise Biofeedback Systems: System Development and Evaluation

Technology in S&C: Assessing Bodyweight Squat Technique with Wearable Sensors

Leveraging IMU data for accurate exercise performance classification and musculoskeletal injury risk screening

Inertial Sensor Technology Can Capture Changes in Dynamic Balance Control during the Y Balance Test

Reliability, validity and utility of inertial sensor systems for postural control assessment in sport science and medicine applications: a systematic review

A Wearable Sensor-Based Exercise Biofeedback System: Mixed Methods Evaluation of Formulift

Technology in Rehabilitation: Comparing Personalised and Global Classification Methodologies in Evaluating the Squat Exercise with Wearable IMUs

The Influence of Feature Selection Methods on Exercise Classification with Inertial Measurement Units

Determining Interrater and Intrarater Levels of Agreement in Students and Clinicians When Visually Evaluating Movement Proficiency During Screening Assessments

Use of body worn sensors to predict ankle injuries using screening tools

Using inertial sensors to quantify exercise performance in ankle rehabilitation: a case report

Association of Dynamic Balance With Sports-Related Concussion: A Prospective Cohort Study

Wearable Inertial Sensor Systems for Lower Limb Exercise Detection and Evaluation: A Systematic Review

Reliability, Usefulness, and Validity of Field-Based Vertical Jump Measuring Devices

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